Search results for "induced [background]"

showing 10 items of 366 documents

The dissociation channels of silver clusters Agn+, 3 ≤ n ≤ 20

1996

Abstract The low energy dissociation channels of silver cluster ions Agn+, 3 ≤ n ≤ 20 are determined by collision-induced dissociation (CID) in a Penning trap. While for most cluster sizes the first fragment cluster ion is produced by monomer evaporation, the fragment ion of small odd-sized clusters has two atoms less than their precursors indicating an evaporation of dimers. The results are compared to similar CID studies on gold cluster ions, photofragmentation patterns, abundance spectra for various silver-cluster production techniques and calculated binding energies.

Gold clusterCollision-induced dissociationChemistryBinding energyPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Analytical chemistryTandem mass spectrometrySpectroscopyDissociation (chemistry)Ion cyclotron resonanceIonInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes
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Collision induced dissociation of stored gold cluster ions

1994

The stability of gold cluster ions Au + (2≦n≦23) has been investigated via collision induced dissociation in a Penning trap. Threshold energies and dissociation channels have been determined. The cluster stability exhibits a pronounced odd — even alternation: Clusters with an odd number of atoms,n, are more stable than the even-numbered ones. Enhanced stabilities are found for Au 3 + , Au 9 + , and Au 19 + in accordance with the Clemenger-Nilsson and the deformed jellium model of delocalized valence electrons. Excited odd cluster ions withn≦15 predominantly decay by evaporation of dimers; all others decay by monomer evaporation. From the dissociation channels estimates of the binding energi…

Gold clusterDelocalized electronMaterials scienceCollision-induced dissociationExcited stateJelliumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersAtomic physicsPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDissociation (chemistry)IonZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
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Fragmentation pattern of gold clusters collided with xenon atoms

1994

Abstract The dissociation channels of gold cluster ions Au n + (2 ≤ n ≤ 23) have been investigated via collision induced dissociation in a Penning trap. Excited odd cluster ions with n ≤ 15 decay by evaporation of dimers, all others decay by monomer evaporation. Information on the binding energies is deduced from these dissociation channels.

Gold clusterGeneral Computer ScienceCollision-induced dissociationChemistryBinding energyGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryPenning trapDissociation (chemistry)Computational MathematicsXenonFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Mechanics of MaterialsExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsComputational Materials Science
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Atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos above 1 TeV interacting in IceCube

2015

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory was designed primarily to search for high-energy (TeV--PeV) neutrinos produced in distant astrophysical objects. A search for $\gtrsim 100$~TeV neutrinos interacting inside the instrumented volume has recently provided evidence for an isotropic flux of such neutrinos. At lower energies, IceCube collects large numbers of neutrinos from the weak decays of mesons in cosmic-ray air showers. Here we present the results of a search for neutrino interactions inside IceCube's instrumented volume between 1~TeV and 1~PeV in 641 days of data taken from 2010--2012, lowering the energy threshold for neutrinos from the southern sky below 10 TeV for the first time, far bel…

HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAMANDAMesonSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaINDUCED CASCADESFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayAstrophysicsFLUX PREDICTIONS01 natural sciencesIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryIceCubeObservatorySEARCH0103 physical sciencesddc:530Blazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsASTRONOMYPERFORMANCEBLAZARSPROMPT LEPTONSGAMMA-RAYPhysics and AstronomyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino astronomyNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaphysicsPhysical Review D
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Activation of a caspase-3-independent mode of cell death associated with lysosomal destabilization in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells…

2008

International audience; Purpose: To characterize the possible cytotoxic effects of oxysterols (7-hydroxycholesterol (7-OH), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH)) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) and to detail the relationships between some of these effects. Methods: ARPE-19 cells were treated with 7-OH and 25-OH. Cell viability was measured with the MTT assay. Membrane permeability, mitochondrial potential, and lysosomal integrity were measured by flow cytometry with propidium iodide, DiOC6(3), and acridine orange, respectively. Cell death was characterized by staining with Hoechst 33342, transmission electron microscopy, and analysis of the DNA fragmentation pattern. Caspase ac…

HUMAN BRUCHS MEMBRANECell Membrane PermeabilityMembrane PotentialsAGE-RELATED MACULOPATHYchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineFluorescent Antibody Technique IndirectPigment Epithelium of EyeCaspaseCells CulturedElectrophoresis Agar Gel0303 health sciencesbiologyCell DeathCaspase 3CHOLESTEROLAcridine orangeApoptosis Inducing FactorCytochromes cDipeptidesKetonesFlow CytometrySensory SystemsCell biologyMitochondrial MembranesDNA fragmentationCOLORIMETRIC ASSAYMembrane permeabilityCell SurvivalBlotting WesternLOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINCaspase 3DNA FragmentationCysteine Proteinase Inhibitors03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBASAL DEPOSITSAPOPTOSIS-INDUCING FACTORHumansRPE CELLSViability assayPropidium iodide[SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs030304 developmental biologyMACULAR DEGENERATIONMolecular biologyHydroxycholesterolsEnzyme ActivationOphthalmologychemistryApoptosis030221 ophthalmology & optometrybiology.proteinLysosomes7-KETOCHOLESTEROL-INDUCED APOPTOSIS[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
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Analysis of powdered tungsten carbide hard-metal precursors and cemented compact tungsten carbides using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2007

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied to the direct analysis of powdered tungsten carbide hard-metal precursors and cemented tungsten carbides. The aim of this work was to examine the possibility of quantitative determination of the niobium, titanium, tantalum and cobalt. The investigated samples were in the form of pellets, pressed with and without binder (powdered silver) and in the form of cemented tungsten carbides. Several lasers and detection systems were utilized.

Hard metalMaterials science010401 analytical chemistryMetallurgyTantalumNiobiumchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyTungsten021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryCarbidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTungsten carbideLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationSpectroscopyTitaniumSpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Comparison of LIBS and micro-XRF measurements on bronze alloys for monitoring plasma effects

2011

The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique is often used as atomic spectroscopic technique for elemental analysis of materials. However, it presents some drawbacks that make an accurate quantitative analysis difficult. Since the plasma properties, such as spatial inhomogeneity and plume stoichiometry strongly depend on the experimental conditions, the measurements are less reproducible. In order to evaluate the measurement fluctuations, we propose to use the more established micro X-Ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) technique for validating LIBS data. In particular, the quantitative data, obtained by varying the laser fluence, the shot numbers and the temporal acquisition parameters, …

HistoryPlasma features LIBS parameters m-XRF bronze alloys quantitative analysisMaterials sciencebusiness.industryDetectorchemistry.chemical_elementLaserCollimated lightComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionOpticschemistrylawElemental analysisLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopybusinessSpectroscopyTinMonochromator
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High-pressure study of the aurophilic topological Dirac material AuI

2022

We endeavour to explore the high-pressure study in the aurophilic AuI within the state-of-the-art of first principles. The impediment of expressing precise ground-state features of aurophilic compounds that had afflicted prior theoretical research has been resolved by incorporating van der Waals corrections (vdw). Mechanical and dynamical stability are ensured at ambient using the computed elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves. The dynamical instability is triggered by the application of pressure in AuI, as evidenced by the softening of an acoustic mode (Eu) at ∼7 GPa. Non-adherence of estimated elastic constants to the Born stability criterion at this pressure illustrates the syst…

HistoryPolymers and Plasticshigh-pressure studyMechanics of Materialshourglass bands dispersionMechanical EngineeringMaterials ChemistryMetals and Alloystopological Dirac materialBusiness and International ManagementUNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICASpressure induced amorphizationIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Recent results on heavy-ion induced reactions of interest for neutrinoless double beta decay at INFN-LNS

2019

Abstract The NUMEN project aims at accessing experimentally driven information on Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in the half-life of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). In this view measurements of Heavy Ion (HI) induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reaction cross sections are performed with high-accuracy. In particular, the (18O,18Ne) and (20Ne,20O) reactions are used as tools for β+β+ and β-β- decays, respectively. In the experiments, performed at INFN - Laboratory Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, the beams are accelerated by the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) and the reaction ejectiles are detected the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. The measured cross sections are challe…

Historyexperimental methodsheavy ion: scatteringQC1-999heavy ion: charge exchange[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]hiukkasfysiikka7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEducationNuclear physicsdouble-beta decay: (0neutrino)Double beta decay0103 physical sciencesneutrino: mass010306 general physicsnucleus: semileptonic decayPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsparticle: MajoranaNuclear structurecross section: measuredSpecial classmagnetic spectrometercharge exchangedetector: upgradeneon: nuclideComputer Science Applicationsheavy ion induced double charge exchange reactionsneutrino: MajoranaHeavy ionenergy resolution: highydinfysiikkaCharge exchangeexperimental resultsEPJ Web of Conferences
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Recent results on Heavy-Ion induced reactions of interest for 0νββ decay

2019

An updated overview of recent results on Heavy-Ion induced reactions of interest for neutrinoless double beta decay is reported in the framework of the NUMEN project. The NUMEN idea is to study heavy-ion induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions with the aim to get information on the nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Moreover, to infer the neutrino average masses from the possible measurement of the half- life of 0νββ decay, the knowledge of the nuclear matrix elements is a crucial aspect. Uma visão geral atualizada dos resultados recentes sobre reações induzidas por íons pesados ​​de interesse para o decaimento beta duplo sem neutrinos é relatada na es…

Historymeasurement methodsnuclear matrix elements[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]heavy-ion induced Double Charge Exchange; nuclear matrix elements; neutrinoless double beta decay01 natural sciencesneutrinoless double beta decayEducationNuclear physicsoxygen: nuclidedouble-beta decay: (0neutrino)Double beta decay0103 physical sciencesBeta (velocity)neutrino: mass010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsnucleus: semileptonic decayMeasurement methodoperator: transition010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyparticle: Majoranacharge exchangemagnetic spectrometerBeta decayheavy ionComputer Science Applicationsneon: nuclideheavy-ion induced Double Charge ExchangeHeavy ionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoCharge exchange
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